Turbine Reef Report – Nature-Based Designs Offshore Wind Structures – The Nature Conservancy and INSPIRE Environmental 2022

Nature-Based Design (NBD), sometimes called Nature-Inclusive Design (NID), refers to purposeful design of structures, inspired by natural elements and features, to optimize habitat value for native species or communities whose natural habitat has been modified, degraded, or reduced (Hermans et al. 2020). Nature-based designs can be integrated in or added to offshore wind infrastructure.